Origins of the Principle

In the increasingly complex universe of technological standardization, a key concept emerges that might transform the way we understand and drive interoperability between heterogeneous paradigms: the Non-Orthogonality Principle.

Born from field experience of the author of this article in drafting national and European standards, this principle is proposed as a behavioural model that offers a new lens to address the challenges of modernity, from digital to the management of social relationships.

The Non-Orthogonality Principle was conceived during the author’s activities as a contribution to harmonization and standardization initially carried out in Italy in AgID (Agency for Digital Italy) and subsequently within the ETSI (ESI Technical Committee of the European Telecommunication Standards institute). The initial goal, announced in March 2023 in AgID and subsequently pursued in ETSI, was ambitious but specific: to integrate different communication schemes in an increasingly interconnected landscape. The principle has demonstrated surprising effectiveness as a synthesis tool, allowing the outline of evolutionary visions for new communication models, through an incremental and iterative approach summarized in an ETSI Technical Report in 2024.

Soon, it was realized that the Non-Orthogonality Principle had a much broader potential: it could be applied to a variety of contexts, going beyond mere technological standardization.

A definition of the Non-Orthogonality Principle

The Non-Orthogonality Principle can be defined as a methodological practice representing the evolutionary vision of a particular reality, with the maximum respect of the involved entities, and within the relevant dimensions.

The key concept, inspired by Euclidean geometry, suggests an approach that, instead of considering dimensions as completely separate (or worse orthogonal), allows identifying and evaluating particular views, with their overlaps and interconnections.

This allows us to imagine innovative solutions through “cross-dimensional bridges”, which enable orderly progress and the creation of new spaces, or even new dimensions, both physical and conceptual.

Application and potential 

1. Standardization and technological models 

The principle finds its maximum expression in the definition of interoperable models. It allows you to create connections between apparently incompatible paradigms, synthesizing multiple visions and making them compatible without sacrificing their uniqueness. 

2. Relationship and social management 

In an increasingly interconnected world, the Non-Orthogonality Principle provides tools for managing personal or community interactions. It can help regulate “relational distance”, offering solutions for individual and collective well-being. 

3. Multidimensional Planning 

Thanks to its inclusive nature, the principle allows to explore new “spaces” and “dimensions” that favor innovation. It can be used to address emerging needs in a systematic manner, minimizing conflicts and associated risks. 

As well as, the increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI) – often seen as positive by some, and as a major risk by others – can in this case represent an attractive opportunity for the application of the Non-Orthogonality Principle. This, of course, provided that the use of artificial intelligence is functional and supports a concrete implementation of the principle and not vice versa. 

Use cases and expected benefits 

Some concrete examples illustrate the versatility of the principle: 

  • definition of technological standards: to harmonize different digital realities, as already demonstrated in the ETSI context; 
  • personal relationships: to reduce interpersonal conflicts and encourage new relationships based on respect for “proxemic distances”; 
  • growing communities: to regulate the expansion of social groups in a balanced and sustainable way. 

Benefits include: 

  • maximizing results through planned action; 
  • minimizing risks and costs in the long run; 
  • creating new spaces of inclusivity, facilitating productive and respectful interactions. 

Challenges and limitations 

Like any innovation, the Non-Orthogonality Principle is not without challenges. Its application requires specific sensitivities and a deep understanding of the dimensions involved. Furthermore, improper use could lead to distorted results. An ethical approach is therefore needed, supported by transparent and measurable methodologies. 

A qualitative leap for the future 

The Non-Orthogonality Principle is not just a methodology, but a true design and interaction philosophy. Its systematic application could represent a turning point for many areas, from technology to social management. 

This principle invites us to look beyond traditional divisions, proposing a future in which diversity and interconnection become resources for innovation and collective progress. 

The Non-Orthogonality Principle is a bridge towards new possibilities, capable of turning complex challenges into concrete opportunities. While we continue to explore its potential, hoping that there may soon be updates in this regard, it remains clear that this principle – appropriately used – can represent a beacon for standardization and a more inclusive and sustainable society.  

Author: Santino Foti – 29 November 2024, v0.25